Types of Education

Education extends beyond what occurs within the four walls of the classroom. On the basis of these factors, a child receives education from his experiences outside of school as well as those within. Formal, Informal, and Non-formal education are the three main types of education. Each of these types is described briefly below.

FORMAL EDUCATION

• Formal education or formal learning typically occurs within the confines of a school, where a person can learn basic, academic, or trade skills.
• Small children are frequently enrolled in a nursery or kindergarten, but formal education typically begins in elementary school and continues through secondary school.
• Post-secondary education (or higher education) is typically obtained at a college or university, where an academic degree may be obtained.
• It is linked to a specific or stage and is provided in accordance with a set of rules and regulations.
• Formal education is provided by specially trained teachers who are expected to be skilled in the art of instruction.
• It also maintains strict discipline.
• The student and the teacher both are aware of the facts and engage themselves in the process of education.

EXAMPLES OF FORMAL EDUCATION

• Classroom education
• Grading/certification in schools,
• college and university degrees
• Planned education in various subjects with a proper syllabus obtained by attending the institution.

CHARACTERISTICS OF FORMAL EDUCATION

• Formal education is organized in a hierarchical manner.
• It is deliberate and planned.
• Scheduled fees are paid on a regular basis.
• It has a grading system that is based on chronological order.
• It has a curriculum and is subject-oriented.
• The syllabus must be completed within a specific time frame.
• The teachers instruct the child.

INFORMAL EDUCATION

• Informal education can include a parent teaching a child how to cook or ride a bicycle.
• People can also obtain an informal education by reading a large number of books from a library or visiting educational websites.
• Informal education is when you do not attend school and do not use a specific learning method.
• Conscious efforts are not required in this type of education.
• It is not premeditated or deliberate.
• It can be learned in a market, a hotel, or at home.
• Informal education, unlike formal education, is not provided by a formal institution such as a school or college.
• Informal education is not delivered on a set schedule.
• There is no set curriculum that must be followed.

EXAMPLES OF INFORMAL EDUCATION

• Educating the child on fundamentals such as numeric characters.
• Someone who is learning his or her mother tongue
• A spontaneous type of learning occurs “when a person standing in a bank learns about opening and maintaining a bank account from someone.”

CHARACTERISTICS OF INFORMAL EDUCATION

• It is unaffected by boundary walls.
• It does not have a set curriculum.
• It is not pre-planned and has no set timeline.
• There are no fees because we get our informal education through daily experience and learning new things.
• In a natural way, it is a lifelong process.
• There are no certificates/degrees involved, and there is no pressure to learn new things.
• You can get it from any source, including media, life experiences, friends, family, and so on.

NON-FORMAL EDUCATION

• Adult basic education, adult literacy education, and school equivalency preparation are examples of non-formal education.
• Someone who is not in school can learn literacy, other basic skills, or job skills through nonformal education.
• Other options include home education, individualized instruction (such as programmed learning), distance learning, and computer-assisted instruction.
• Non-formal education is implemented consciously, deliberately, and systematically.
• It should be designed for a single, homogeneous group. Education, whether formal or informal, should be designed to meet the needs of the identified group.
• This will necessitate flexibility in the design of the curriculum as well as the evaluation scheme.

EXAMPLES OF NONFORMAL EDUCATION

• Boy Scouts and Girl Guides develop sports programmes such as swimming, which fall under the category of nonformal education.
• Exercise routines
• Adult education classes in the community Some organizations have created free adult education courses.

CHARACTERISTICS OF NON-FORMAL EDUCATION

• Nonformal education is organized and takes place outside of the school system.
• The timetable and syllabus can be changed.
• It is practical and vocational education, as opposed to theoretical formal education.
• There is no age limit for nonformal education.
• Fees and certificates may or may not be required.
• It can be full-time or part-time learning, and one can earn and learn at the same time.
• It entails the acquisition of professional skills.

Related Topics, Sociology of Education

• Introduction Sociology of Education
• Nature and Scope of Education
• Historical Background of Education
• Characteristics of Education
• Types of Education
• Contemporary Education System
• Education and Socialization
• Education and Stratification
• Education and Social Mobility
• Functions of Education
• Education and Democracy
• Education for Leadership 
• School as an Organization

 

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