Compiling and Executing C++ programs in Linux

• GNU C++ Compiler (g++) is a compiler in Linux which is used to compile C++ programs.
• It compiles both files with extension .c and .cpp as C++ files.

 Installing g++ compiler

• By default, g++ is provided with most of the Linux distributions.
• Details of installed g++ compiler by command

g++ –version

• If g++ is not installed on your system; then it can be installed by writing the following commands

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt install g++

Compiling C++ program

• compile a C++ program using command

sudo g++ source-file.cpp

• The above command will generate an executable file a.out.
• -o option to specify the output file name for the executable.

sudo g++ source-file.cpp -o executable-file

 Running a C++ program

• Execute the created executable file by using the following command:

./executable-file

Activity 1

• Write a simple C++ program that displays a Hello World message and the then compile and execute this program using the above commands.
• To write the program, we use the gedit text editor. The source code file is saved with .cpp extension. (gedit hello.cpp) ,(g++ hello.cpp –o hello)
• Open the gedit editor and pass the name of the file (hello.cpp) to be created(./hello)

Command-line Arguments

• Command line argument is a parameter supplied to the program when it is invoked.
• It is mostly used when you need to control your program from outside.
• Command line arguments are passed to the main () method.

Passing command-line arguments to a C++ program

• To pass command line arguments, we typically define main () with two arguments:
• First argument counts the number of arguments on the command line
• Second argument is a pointer array which holds pointers of type char which points to the arguments passed to the program.
• The syntax to define the main method is

int main (int argc, char *argv[])

• Here, argc variable will hold the number of arguments pass to the program while the argv will contain pointers to those variables.
• argv[0] holds the name of the program while argv[1] to argv[argc] hold the arguments.
• Command-line arguments are given after the name of the program in command-line shell of Operating Systems.
• Each argument separated by a space.
• If a space is included in the argument, then it is written in “”.

Activity 2

Open gedit to write c++ program.

Compile the c++ program using g++ compiler.

 

Related Links  to Operating System topics

Operating system Course content

• Operating System-Functions and History
• Generations of Operating System
• Functions of an Operating System
• Components of Operating System
• Types of Operating System
• Services of Operating System
• Properties of Operating System
• Processes in Operating System
• Process Scheduling in Operating System

Lab Practice Task

• Introduction to Linux Ubunto
• Installation with virtual Box
• Writing Linux Commands
• Navigation in File System and Directory Management in Ubunto using CLI
• File Handling and I/O Redirection In Ubunto
• File Access Permission in Linux
• Text Processing Tools and Basic System Configuration Tools in Linux
• Package Management in Linux
• How to manage processes in Linux
• Compiling and Executing C++ programs in Linux
• System Calls
• Introduction To Shell Programming 

 

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