Additional Notes (Lecture 20, 21 & 22)
Additional Notes (Lecture 20, 21 & 22)
Bioventing is a process of stimulating the natural in situ biodegradation of contaminants in soil by providing air or oxygen to existing soil microorganisms.
Land farming is a bioremediation treatment process that is performed in the upper soil zone or in biotreatment cells.
In one case, a bioreactor is a vessel in which a chemical process is carried out which involves organisms or biochemically active substances or hazardous compounds. This process can either be aerobic or anaerobic.
Composting is nature’s process of recycling decomposed organic materials into a rich soil known as compost.
Bioaugmentation is the practice of adding actively growing, specialized microbial strains into a microbial community or is an effort to enhance the ability of the microbial community to respond to process fluctuations or to degrade certain compounds, resulting in improved treatment.
Rhizofiltration is a form of phytoremediation that involves filtering water through a mass of roots to remove toxic substances or excess nutrients.
Biostimulation refers to the addition of specific nutrients to a waste situation with the hope that the correct, naturally occurring microbes are present in sufficient numbers and types to break down the waste effectively.
Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension (or interfacial tension) between two liquids or between a liquid and a solid. Surfactants may act as detergents, wetting agents, emulsifiers, foaming agents, and dispersants.
An injection well is a device that places fluid deep underground into porous rock formations, such as sandstone or limestone, or into or below the shallow soil layer. The fluid may be water, wastewater, brine (salt water), or water mixed with chemicals. They can take any fluid related to oil and gas drilling.
Vitrification is used to convert waste into a stable solid form that is insoluble and will prevent further dispersion to the surrounding environment.
Electrokinetics A basic electrokinetics remediation site contains an external direct current source, a positively charged electrode (or anode) and a negatively charged electrode (or a cathode) placed into the ground. Placement of electrodes is based on size and shape of known contaminant plumes. Electrokinetic remediation is applied to many contaminants that can be dissolved within groundwater. Heavy metals are one of the main contaminants that are removed by the electrokinetics process.
